G D Egbert and R D Ray, Significant dissipation of tidal energy in the deep ocean inferred from satellite altimeter data, NATURE, 405, 775-778, 2000.

G D Egbert, A F Bennett, M G G Foreman, Topex/Poseidon tides estimated using s global inverse model, Journal of Geophysical Research, 99, 24821, 1994.

These spherical harmonic coefficients correspond to the TPXO.4a data assimilation model produced by Gary Egbert of Oregon State University. The data are based on incorporating approximately 7 years of Topex/Poseidon altimeter data into a near-global finite-difference hydrodynamical model. The procedure follows essentially Egbert et al (1994). For this inversion, only the M2 constituent was solved for.

These coefficients follow a consistent convention. Coefficients are given for prograde and retrograde waves. (In this context, "prograde" means in the direction of the tide-raising body, i.e. westward; this use follows standard tidal terminology, but it is opposite to that used for polar motion.)

Amplitude units are mm; phase lags are in degrees.

M2

  n  m       D+     psi+       D-     psi-

  1  0    10.834   51.33
  1  1     7.452  305.08     2.710   21.75
  2  0    29.590  263.62
  2  1    13.567  199.90     3.739  161.55
  2  2    32.234  129.99     5.868   28.80
  3  0    39.849  295.91
  3  1    13.776  102.64    32.898   52.54
  3  2     2.887  277.98     2.053  140.21
  3  3     4.504   53.53     4.558    8.73
  4  0    49.413  158.60
  4  1    22.458   59.81    17.002  108.41
  4  2    10.434  320.86     4.093   88.73
  4  3     2.204  270.23     2.252  171.08
  4  4     0.786  148.05     0.432  222.82
  5  0    38.998  120.42
  5  1    30.227  212.23    32.054  261.74
  5  2     2.828   82.06     7.005  192.63
  5  3     0.943  154.25     0.379  332.90
  5  4     0.313   40.73     0.161  151.48
  5  5     0.019   16.16     0.074  326.69